References & Sources
All clinical references and sources used in PetMed AI
Last updated: February 6, 2026
PetMed AI is committed to transparency and accuracy. Every formula, dosage, and clinical guideline in our calculators and tools is sourced from industry-standard veterinary references. Below is a complete list of all references used in the app, along with how each is applied.
Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook
6th Edition
Author/Organization: Donald C. Plumb, Pharm.D.
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Used In
Drug Formulary (Top 20 drugs), Anesthesia & Analgesia (23 drugs with dose calculator)
The industry-standard reference for veterinary pharmacology. Used as the primary source for all drug dosages, routes of administration, frequencies, and species-specific dosing guidelines in PetMed AI's Drug Formulary and Anesthesia tools.
RECOVER Initiative
2024 Guidelines
Author/Organization: RECOVER Initiative (Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation)
Publisher: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
Used In
CPR Emergency Drug Calculator, CPR Metronome (100-120 BPM)
The definitive evidence-based guidelines for veterinary CPR. RECOVER provides the drug protocols, compression rates, ventilation ratios, and emergency drug dosages used in PetMed AI's CPR Emergency Calculator and CPR Metronome tool.
AAHA Fluid Therapy Guidelines
2024 Update
Author/Organization: American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA)
Publisher: AAHA Press
Used In
Fluid Therapy Calculator (maintenance formulas, dehydration correction, ongoing losses)
The AAHA Fluid Therapy Guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for intravenous fluid therapy in dogs and cats. PetMed AI uses AAHA-recommended maintenance formulas (standard, pediatric, and Muir), dehydration correction calculations, and ongoing loss adjustment protocols.
Merck Veterinary Manual
Current Edition
Author/Organization: Merck & Co., Inc.
Publisher: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
Used In
Vital Signs Reference Chart, Blood Volume Estimates
One of the most trusted comprehensive veterinary references worldwide. PetMed AI references the Merck Veterinary Manual for species-specific vital sign ranges (heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature) and blood volume estimates (mL/kg by species).
Modified Triadan System
Standard veterinary dental nomenclature
Author/Organization: International veterinary dental community
Publisher: Various veterinary dental textbooks
Used In
Dental Anatomy tool (quadrant mapping, tooth identification)
The Modified Triadan System is the internationally accepted numbering system for veterinary dental anatomy. PetMed AI uses this system for its interactive dental anatomy tool, providing quadrant-based tooth identification, dental formulae for dogs and cats, and tooth type classification.
Accuracy & Liability Statement
While PetMed AI strives to accurately represent information from the referenced sources, we cannot guarantee absolute accuracy of all data. Drug dosages, clinical guidelines, and veterinary protocols are subject to periodic updates by their respective publishers. Users should always verify information with the most current edition of each reference before any clinical application. PetMed AI is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by any of the referenced publishers or organizations. Citations are provided for educational transparency only.
Contact Us
If you have questions about our references or notice any discrepancy with the source material, please contact us at:
Email: support@petmedapp.com